Calling Command-Line Tools

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May 22, 2019  All of the Mac Terminal commands listed here are entered after this, followed by a press or two of the Return key. Actually using the app may be a bit tricky if you’ve never done so before, but at least the question of how to open Terminal on Mac is easy to answer. Pay attention going forward! Show or hide files and folders. Open Utilities folder and select Terminal.app. If you can't select Terminal.app, change the enabled applications from Recommended Applications to All Applications. It is at the bottom of the window. If you want to open every.sh file with Terminal.app, tick Always Open With. Press the Open button in the bottom right corner of the window.

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Feb 26, 2003  sudo open /path/to/some.app results in sudo running open as root, but open still opens the application as the original user!!! Therefore, the longer method of specifying the full path name for Cocoa applications (not just to the.app package, but to the actual executable). Feb 01, 2007  Opening Mac OS X Applications from the Command Line. The Terminal command to launch OS X gui apps is appropriately called ‘open’ and here is how it works at it’s most simple: open -a ApplicationName. That will open the defined app named “ApplicationName”. But open is much more powerful than that. Apr 28, 2008  I'm wondering what I'm missing here. I'm trying to create a little script that executes in a terminal session. I'm using bash (the default terminal shell). Here's what I did in a terminal session to try to make one-$ ed mmm mmm: No such file or directory i #!/bin/bash echo 'Hello World!' W 32 q $ ls -l mmm-rw-r-r- 1 markhenri staff 32 Apr. Jun 13, 2016  Executing Commands. The direct parameter of the do shell script command is a string containing the shell code you want to execute, as demonstrated in Listing 39-1, which simply lists a directory. Open in Script Editor. Listing 39-1AppleScript: Executing a simple shell command that lists the contents of a directory.

App

In AppleScript, the do shell script command is used to execute command-line tools. This command is implemented by the Standard Additions scripting addition included with OS X.

Note

The Terminal app in /Applications/Utilities/ is scriptable and provides another way to execute command-line tools from scripts.

Executing Commands

The direct parameter of the do shell script command is a string containing the shell code you want to execute, as demonstrated in Listing 39-1, which simply lists a directory.

Running App From Terminal Mac

APPLESCRIPT

Listing 39-1AppleScript: Executing a simple shell command that lists the contents of a directory
  1. do shell script 'ls /Applications/'
  2. (*
  3. --> Result:
  4. 'App Store.app
  5. Automator.app
  6. Calculator.app
  7. Calendar.app
  8. ..'
  9. *)

Since the direct parameter of do shell script is a string, you can concatenate it with other strings at run time. Listing 39-2, for example, concatenates a shell command to a previously defined parameter value.

APPLESCRIPT

Listing 39-2AppleScript: Concatenating a command with a value
  1. set theHostName to 'www.apple.com'
  2. do shell script 'ping -c1 ' & theHostName

Quoting Strings

The shell uses space characters to separate parameters and gives special meaning to certain punctuation marks, such as $, (, ), and *. To ensure that strings are treated as expected—for example, spaces aren’t seen as delimiters—it’s best to wrap strings in quotes. This process is known as quoting. If your string contains quotes, they must also be escaped (preceded by a / character) so they are interpreted as part of the string. Listing 39-3 shows an example of an error occurring as a result of a parameter that contains a space.

APPLESCRIPT

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Listing 39-3AppleScript: An error resulting from a string containing a space
  1. set thePath to '/Library/Application Support/'
  2. do shell script 'ls ' & thePath
  3. --> Result: error 'ls: /Library/Application: No such file or directoryrls: Support: No such file or directory' number 1

The easiest way to quote a string is to use the quoted form property of the text class, as demonstrated in Listing 39-4. This property returns the string in a form that’s safe from further interpretation by the shell, regardless of its contents.

APPLESCRIPT

Listing 39-4AppleScript: Quoting a string to prevent errors
  1. set thePath to quoted form of '/Library/Application Support/'
  2. --> Result: '/Library/Application Support/'
  3. do shell script 'ls ' & thePath
  4. (*
  5. --> Result:
  6. 'App Store
  7. Apple
  8. ..
  9. '
  10. *)

More Information

For more information about the do shell script command, see Commands Reference in AppleScript Language Guide and Technical Note TN2065.

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Terminal User Guide

You can use the command-line environment interactively by typing a command and waiting for a result, or you can use the shell to compose scripts that run without direct interaction.

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Execute commands in the shell

  • In the Terminal app on your Mac, enter the complete pathname of the tool’s executable file, followed by any needed arguments, then press Return.

If a command is located in one of the shell’s known folders, you can omit path information when entering the command name. The list of known folders is stored in the shell’s PATH environment variable and includes the folders containing most command-line tools.

For example, to run the ls command in the current user’s home folder, enter the following at the command prompt, then press Return:

To run a command in the current user’s home folder, precede it with the folder specifier. For example, to run MyCommandLineProg, use the following:

% ~/MyCommandLineProg

To open an app, use the open command:

When entering commands, if you get the message command not found, check your spelling. Here’s an example:

% opne -a TextEdit.app zsh: opne: command not found

Terminate commands

  1. In the Terminal app on your Mac, click the Terminal window that is running the command you want to terminate.

  2. Press Control-C.

    This sends a signal that causes most commands to terminate.

Repeat previously entered commands

The commands you enter during a session are saved so you can repeat a previously used command without retyping it.

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  1. In the Terminal app on your Mac, press the Up Arrow key.

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    The last command you entered appears on the command line.

  2. Continue pressing the Up Arrow key until you see the command you want, then press Return.

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See alsoSpecify files and folders in Terminal on MacRedirect Terminal input and output on MacDrag files into a Terminal window to specify paths on MacKeyboard shortcuts in Terminal on MacApple Developer website: Command Line Primer